Trans Athlete Blaire Fleming Reflects on Tumultuous Season as NCAA Ban Takes Effect
San Jose State Volleyball Star Recounts a Year Marked by Isolation, Lawsuits, and a National Culture War
The 2024 volleyball season at San Jose State University (SJSU) became one of the most high-profile and controversial chapters in the national debate over transgender athletes in college sports. At the center of the storm was Blaire Fleming, a transgender woman and outside hitter who had joined SJSU after transferring from Coastal Carolina.
What began as a promising final season quickly spiraled into a year of personal hardship and team disruption, culminating in a national spotlight, legal battles, and an executive order that now bars all transgender athletes from competing in NCAA women’s sports.
Early Seasons and Sudden Turmoil
Fleming, who began transitioning in her early teens, had quietly integrated into the SJSU volleyball team. Her first year passed without incident, with teammates reportedly aware of her gender identity and supportive of her presence. However, her second season took a dramatic turn.
In April 2024, media reports outing Fleming as transgender ignited public debate. Within months, the issue escalated nationally when SJSU co-captain Brooke Slusser joined a lawsuit supported by the Independent Council on Women’s Sports (ICONS), seeking to ban transgender women from participating in women's college athletics. The legal move not only polarized the team but drew attention from lawmakers, activists, and even the White House.
Fallout on and off the Court
Once the lawsuit became public, the SJSU volleyball program began to unravel. Several Mountain West teams refused to play against SJSU, citing Fleming’s eligibility. Internal fractures also appeared. Coaches and players reportedly distanced themselves from Fleming, and tensions within the locker room grew.
Amid this division, head coach Todd Kress publicly maintained support for all his athletes. But not all staff shared that position. Associate head coach Melissa Batie-Smoose was suspended during the season and later left the university. She had reportedly opposed Fleming’s participation and was later linked to the ICONS lawsuit before withdrawing in early 2025.
Despite these challenges, the team advanced to the Mountain West Conference championship after a semifinal forfeit by Boise State. SJSU ultimately lost in the final, finishing the season with a 14-7 record.
Broader Implications and Policy Change
As legal challenges continued, political pressure mounted. Then-presidential candidate Donald Trump used Fleming’s case to advocate for a federal ban on transgender athletes in women's sports. By February 2025, a presidential executive order was signed, and the NCAA formally rescinded its transgender inclusion policy.
The new NCAA rule now prohibits all transgender women from participating in women’s sports at the collegiate level, regardless of medical transition status or hormone therapy compliance. This policy shift effectively ended Fleming’s NCAA eligibility and set a precedent for future student-athletes across the country.
Personal Impact and Life After Volleyball
For Fleming, the fallout was devastating. Isolated from teammates, criticized in the media, and reportedly subjected to harassment, she ultimately withdrew from in-person classes and returned to her home in Virginia to complete her public relations degree online.
Her former teammate, Brooke Slusser, also left campus and now resides in Texas. Slusser has continued her advocacy efforts in court, supporting further legislation and legal cases aimed at preventing transgender participation in women’s sports.
Fleming, meanwhile, has expressed hope that her story will not end progress in inclusivity but instead become a point of reflection. While she is no longer permitted to play under current NCAA rules, she believes future athletes will carry the torch forward.
Looking Ahead
The ripple effects of the 2024 SJSU season continue to influence legal and cultural discussions around gender, sports, and equity. Lawsuits filed by and against the Mountain West Conference, SJSU coaches, and players remain unresolved.
With federal investigations ongoing and the national dialogue intensifying, Fleming’s season stands as a flashpoint in the ongoing conflict over athletic inclusion. Her journey marks a pivotal moment not just in college sports, but in the broader struggle for transgender visibility and protection in America’s public institutions.







